# Hangzhou Villas: West Lake and the Old City

> Hangzhou villas on the city's historic buildings list: 54 Republican-era houses on Beishan, Nanshan and Lingyin roads and in the old city, with a page each.

Canonical: https://hangzhoumemory.org/west-lake-villas
Updated: 2026-10-30

Hangzhou villas make up 54 of the buildings on the city's historic buildings list. Almost all were built between the 1910s and the 1940s, when officials, bankers, doctors, artists and Shanghai merchants built retreats and town houses around West Lake and in the newer streets of the city.

## In brief

Villas are one of the largest groups on Hangzhou's list. Most were built between the 1910s and the 1940s, when officials, bankers, doctors and merchants from Shanghai and Hangzhou built houses on the roads and hillsides around West Lake and in the city's newer streets. Typical features are two or three storeys of brick, or brick and timber, sloping tiled roofs and a mix of Chinese and Western details.

**By batch**

| Batch | Announced | Buildings of this type |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [First](/first-batch) | 24 May 2004 | 31 |
| [Second](/second-batch) | 1 July 2005 | 11 |
| [Third](/third-batch) | 6 March 2007 | 3 |
| [Fourth](/fourth-batch) | 14 August 2008 | 7 |
| [Fifth](/fifth-batch) | 22 March 2010 | 2 |

## Where they stand

At least 26 of the 54 stand on the roads and hillsides directly around West Lake: 12 on **Beishan Road** along the north shore, 6 on **Nanshan Road** on the east shore, 3 on **Lingyin Road** towards the hills, and others on Gushan Road, the Geling hill, Shihan Road and Shengtang Road. Liu's Villa and Wang's Villa are lakeside estates too. The rest are in the old city, on streets such as Anji Road, Jiaochang Road and Dengxin Alley.

Beishan Road is the easiest group to walk: it runs west along the north shore below Baoshi Hill from the Broken Bridge, where the Bai Causeway begins.

## What to look for

The listing descriptions return to a few features: two or three storeys in brick, stone or brick and timber, sloping tiled roofs, verandas and colonnades, and a blend of Chinese and Western detail. Many carry names in the old manner ending in *lu*, a cottage or retreat, such as [Ru Lu Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/如庐), [Sui Lu Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/穗庐) and [Heng Lu Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-恒庐), which the physician Zhang Xingyi built in 1935 at 202 Nanshan Road.

## All 54 on the list

**Villas on Hangzhou's historic buildings list**

| No. | Building | Built | Address (Chinese) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| LSJZ1-5 | [Villa at 30, Jiaochang Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/教场路30号别墅建筑) 教场路30号别墅建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 教场路30号 |
| LSJZ1-6 | [Hongmenju Villa Cluster](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-红门局别墅建筑) 红门局别墅建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 红门局65、66、67号 |
| LSJZ1-7 | [Yiyun Jilu Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-逸云寄庐) 逸云寄庐 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 孤山路2号 |
| LSJZ1-10 | [Villa at 6, Jiurenhecun](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/旧仁和村6号别墅建筑) 旧仁和村街6号别墅建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 旧仁和村街6号 |
| LSJZ1-11 | [Villa at 9, Jiurenhecun](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-旧仁和村9号别墅建筑) 旧仁和村街9号别墅建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 旧仁和村街9号 |
| LSJZ1-19 | [Yi Lu Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-逸庐) 里仁坊17号民居建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 里仁坊17号 |
| LSJZ1-20 | [Xueshifang Villa Cluster](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/学士坊别墅建筑) 学士坊别墅建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 老学士坊（无门牌号，学士坊路3、4之间） |
| LSJZ1-21 | [Civilian Residence at 3, Xueshi Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-学士路3号建筑) 碧梧小筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 学士路3号 |
| LSJZ1-24 | [Villa at 37, Anji Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/安吉路37号别墅建筑) 安吉路37号别墅建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 安吉路37号 |
| LSJZ1-25 | [Villa at 35, Anji Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/安吉路35号别墅建筑) 安吉路35号别墅建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 安吉路35号 |
| LSJZ1-40 | [Dengxin Alley Building Cluster](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/灯芯巷别墅建筑) 灯芯巷别墅建筑群 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 灯芯巷25号市政府机关幼儿园内 |
| LSJZ1-43 | [Villa at 6, Shihan Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/石函路6号别墅) 石函路6号别墅 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 石函路6号 |
| LSJZ1-44 | [Villa at 182, Nanshan Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/南山路182号) 南山路182号别墅建筑 | 1933 | 南山路182号（包括182-1号） |
| LSJZ1-45 | [Villa at 214, Nanshan Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/南山路214号别墅建筑) 南山路214号别墅建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 南山路214号 |
| LSJZ1-46 | [Villa at 210, Nanshan Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/南山路210号别墅建筑) 南山路210号别墅建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 南山路210号 |
| LSJZ1-47 | [Villa at 206, Nanshan Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/南山路206号别墅建筑) 南山路206号别墅建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 南山路206号 |
| LSJZ1-48 | [Villa at 204, Nanshan Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/南山路204号别墅建筑) 南山路204号别墅建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 南山路204号 |
| LSJZ1-49 | [Heng Lu Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-恒庐) 恒庐 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 南山路202号 |
| LSJZ1-51 | [Xing Lu Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/省庐) 省庐 | 1930s | 北山路36号 |
| LSJZ1-53 | [Baoqing Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-抱青别墅) 抱青别墅 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 北山路38、39、40号 |
| LSJZ1-55 | [Chunrun Lu Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/春润庐) 春润庐 | 1920s | 北山路54号 |
| LSJZ1-56 | [Run Lu Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/润庐) 润庐 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 保俶塔前山路1号 |
| LSJZ1-58 | [Xi Lu Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/息庐) 息庐 | 1920s | 北山路66号 |
| LSJZ1-59 | [Jiyi Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/集艺楼) 集艺楼 | 1930s | 北山路69、70、71号 |
| LSJZ1-61 | [Villa at 76, Beishan Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/北山路76号别墅建筑) 北山路76号别墅建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 北山路76号 |
| LSJZ1-62 | [Sui Lu Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/穗庐) 穗庐 | Republican era (1912–1949) | 北山路94号 |
| LSJZ1-63 | [Villa at 95, Beishan Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/北山路95号别墅建筑) 北山路95号别墅建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 北山路95号 |
| LSJZ1-72 | [Pu Ti Jing She](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/菩提精舍) 菩提精舍 | 1926 | 北山路44、45、46、47、48、49、50号 |
| LSJZ1-73 | [Villa at 18, Geling Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/葛岭路18号别墅建筑) 葛岭路18号别墅建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 葛岭路18号 |
| LSJZ1-74 | [Ru Lu Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/如庐) 如庐 | 1930s | 北山路34号 |
| LSJZ1-75 | [Villa at 61, Pinghai Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/平海路61号别墅建筑) 平海路61号别墅建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 平海路61号 |
| LSJZ2-3 | [Villa at 147, Jianguo Road (S)](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/建国南路147号建筑) 建国南路147号建筑 | 1920s |  |
| LSJZ2-23 | [The Building Cluster at No.24, Dengxin Alley](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/灯芯巷24号别墅建筑群) 灯芯巷24号别墅建筑 | Rebuilt in 1992 |  |
| LSJZ2-36 | [Building No. 1 of Liu's Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-刘庄1号楼建筑) 刘庄1号楼建筑 | Late Qing dynasty; rebuilt in 1959 |  |
| LSJZ2-37 | [The Building Cluster of Wang's Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/汪庄建筑群) 汪庄建筑群 | 1820s and 1950s |  |
| LSJZ2-38 | [The Villa at 97, Beishan Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/北山路97号别墅) 北山路97号别墅 | 1940s |  |
| LSJZ2-39 | [The Villa at 4, Lingyin Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/灵隐路4号别墅) 灵隐路4号别墅 | Between 1911 and 1949 |  |
| LSJZ2-40 | [The Villa at 10, Lingyin Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-灵隐路10号别墅) 灵隐路10号别墅 | 1930s |  |
| LSJZ2-41 | [The Villa at 11, Lingyin Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/灵隐路11号别墅) 灵隐路11号别墅 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 灵隐路11号 |
| LSJZ2-42 | [The Villa Cluster at Shengtang Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/圣塘路别墅群) 圣塘路别墅群 | 1920s |  |
| LSJZ2-43 | [Shihan Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/石函精舍) 石函精舍 | 1920s |  |
| LSJZ2-45 | [Huai Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/怀庐) 怀庐 | Between 1911 and 1949 |  |
| LSJZ3-34 | [Yunge Tang Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-云阁堂) 云阁堂 | 1920s |  |
| LSJZ3-37 | [Building at 4, Bishengmiao Alley](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-比胜庙巷4号) 比胜庙巷4号建筑 | Early 20th century | 比胜庙巷4号 |
| LSJZ3-52 | [“Jiatao Xianguan” Villa at Baita Ling Area](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/白塔岭-驾涛仙馆) 白塔岭“驾涛仙馆” | Between 1911 and 1949 |  |
| LSJZ4-2 | [Yin Lu Villa (Lu Mingui's Former Residence)](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-隐庐) 隐庐 | Between 1911 and 1949 |  |
| LSJZ4-5 | [Villa at 7, Fangguyuan](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-方谷园7号建筑) 方谷园7号建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 | 方谷园7号 |
| LSJZ4-24 | [Villa at 36-3, Yanguan Alley](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-严官巷36-3号建筑) 严官巷36－3号建筑 | Between 1911 and 1949 |  |
| LSJZ4-26 | [Villa at 33, Doufu'erqiao](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-斗富二桥33号建筑) 斗富二桥33号建筑 | First three decades of the 20th century |  |
| LSJZ4-28 | [Changqiao Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-长桥别墅) 长桥别墅 | Between 1911 and 1949 |  |
| LSJZ4-29 | [Villa at 159, Huansha Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-浣纱路159号建筑) 浣纱路159号建筑 | Early 20th century |  |
| LSJZ4-30 | [Xuanlu Villa](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/古城佳话-历史建筑-暄庐) 暄庐 | Early 20th century |  |
| LSJZ5-23 | [Villa at the foot of the Daci Hill, Yang Fang Shan Wu Zhi Ling](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/洋房山乌芝岭大慈山脚别墅-3) 洋房山乌芝岭大慈山脚别墅 | 1930s |  |
| LSJZ5-29 | [Villa at 100, Beishan Road](/web/guest/lsjz-content_display/-/asset_publisher/0qkI/content/北山路100号建筑-2) 北山路100号建筑 | 1930s |  |

## Sources

Hangzhou Memory groups the buildings by type from their names and descriptions; the city's lists do not classify them. Names and descriptions come from English Wikipedia's batch lists, and Chinese names, periods and addresses from [杭州市历史建筑](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/杭州市历史建筑) on Chinese Wikipedia, both CC BY-SA 4.0.

## Frequently asked questions

### How many villas are on Hangzhou's historic buildings list?

54 in the first five batches (2004–2010), as this guide groups them; the city's lists do not classify buildings by type.

### Where are most of Hangzhou's listed villas?

On Beishan Road along the north shore of West Lake, with 12, followed by Nanshan Road on the east shore with 6.